isifinyeto

Imithethonqubo ehlongozwayo ivumela uMnyango Wezasekhaya ukuthi usungule imigudu yedatha yesikhathi sangempela, eqondiswa kabili nezinkampani ezizimele ezigunyaziwe (njengamabhange namanethiwekhi ezokuxhumana) ukuze kuvumelaniswe ulwazi lomuntu siqu njengezinombolo zokuxhumana namakheli okuhlala kuzo zonke izizindalwazi ezihlukene.

• • Ingabe uyawusekela uhlaka lwezomthetho oluvumela idatha yakho yobunikazi obuyimfihlo ukuthi yabelwane futhi ivumelaniswe cishe ngesikhathi sangempela phakathi kwezinhlelo zikahulumeni nezinkampani ezizimele?

Lesi siphakamiso sinquma ukuthi iziqinisekiso zedijithali ziphelelwa yisikhathi ngemva kweminyaka emihlanu. Nakuba ukuvuselelwa okukude kuvunyelwe ngezibuyekezo zohlelo lokusebenza lwe-biometric yobuso, umthetho uthi i-ID yedijithali izophelelwa yisikhathi ngokuphelele uma isakhamuzi singenayo indawo yokubhalisa ngokomzimba, mathupha noma yokuqinisekisa ne-Home Affairs noma umlingani ogunyaziwe phakathi neminyaka eyi-10.

• • Uyavumelana yini nosuku lokuphelelwa yisikhathi lweminyaka emi-5 lweziqinisekiso zedijithali, kanye nomthetho ophoqa izakhamuzi ukuthi zibuyele emigqeni ebonakalayo ukuze ziphinde zifakazele ubuwena bazo uma zihlala zisebenza ngedijithali kodwa zingekho ngokomzimba iminyaka eyi-10?

Ngenxa yokuthi i-ID yedijithali incike "ekubopheleni kwedivayisi" okuqinile kwe-cryptographic ku-smartphone eyodwa ebonakalayo, ukufinyelela ithokheni yakho yobunikazi esemthethweni kuncike ngokuphelele ekugcineni ubunikazi obusebenzayo kanye nokusebenza kwaleyo divayisi ethile.

• • Uyaneliseka yini ukuthi izinqubo zokubopha amadivayisi kanye nezinqubo zobuso eziphoqelekile zilinganisa kahle phakathi kokuvikela izakhamuzi ekukhohlisweni kobunikazi kanye nokuvimbela ukukhiywa ngaphandle okungafanele uma ifoni ilahleka, yebiwe, noma yonakele?

Imithethonqubo ithi amakhadi omazisi angokoqobo ahlala esebenza ngokugcwele nokuthi ukusetshenziswa akufanele kukhiphe ngaphandle ngokungafanele izakhamuzi ezingenazo ama-smartphone, i-inthanethi ezinzile, noma ulwazi lobuchwepheshe. Kodwa-ke, njengoba ingqalasizinda yezinkampani kanye neyesifundazwe ithuthukisa uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-MyMzansi, kukhona ukukhathazeka mayelana nokubandlulula kwesakhiwo.

• • Ukholelwa ukuthi imithethonqubo ehlongozwayo inikeza iziqinisekiso ezanele nezibophayo zokuthi izakhamuzi ezithembele kuma-ID angokoqobo ngeke zibhekane noshintsho oluhamba kancane, ukubandlululwa okuncane, noma ukulethwa kwezinsizakalo okuncishisiwe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi?

Cha. Uhlelo lwe-Digital ID lungokuzithandela ngokuphelele. Imithethonqubo ehlongozwayo isho ngokusobala ukuthi isitifiketi sobunikazi sedijithali asithathi indawo noma asithinti ukusebenza kwekhadi lakho le-Smart ID noma incwadi ye-ID eluhlaza. Ungaqhubeka nokusebenzisa noma yiliphi ifomu njengobufakazi obusemthethweni bobunikazi.

Uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-MyMzansi luhlelo lokusebenza olusemthethweni lweselula oluthuthukiswa uMnyango Wezasekhaya. Uma usubhalisiwe, isiqinisekiso sakho sobunikazi bedijithali esivikelekile sizohlala ngaphakathi kwalolu hlelo lokusebenza ku-smartphone noma kuthebhulethi yakho. Uma udinga ukufakazela ukuthi ungubani, uhlelo lokusebenza lungadlulisela izimfanelo zakho zobunikazi ngamakhodi e-Near-Field Communication (NFC), i-Bluetooth, noma i-Quick Response (QR).

Cha, awukwazi. Ukuze uvimbele ukukhwabanisa kobunikazi endaweni yokuqala, isicelo sokuqala sidinga ukubhaliswa ngokomzimba, okujwayelekile mathupha. Kumelwe uvakashele ihhovisi le-Home Affairs eliqokiwe noma indawo egunyaziwe yomkhakha ozimele (njengegatsha lasebhange eligunyaziwe). Phakathi nalolu hambo, izikhulu zizokwenza ukubanjwa kwedatha ye-biometric, zidlule "ukuskena kokubona impilo" ukuvimbela ukukhohlisa/ukukhwabanisa ngezithombe, futhi zixhumanise uhlelo lokusebenza nefoni yakho nge-cryptographic.

Lolu hlaka lwethula ingqalasizinda yesimanje njengezimpawu zedijithali ezisetshenziswa ngokwe-cryptographic, ukubopha amadivayisi, kanye nokuxhumana kwedatha yesikhathi sangempela okuzenzakalelayo kwamabhizinisi amaningi. Ngokwethiyori, lokhu kudlula izinhlelo zobunikazi zedijithali ezindala ezisetshenziswa emazweni amaningi aseNtshonalanga.

Kodwa-ke, ukukhathazeka okukhulu komphakathi ukulungela ukuphepha kwe-inthanethi kukahulumeni. Nakuba ubuchwepheshe ngokwabo busezingeni eliphezulu, umkhakha womphakathi waseNingizimu Afrika ubelokhu uhlushwa ukwephulwa kwedatha okukhulu, ukuphazamiseka kwe-ransomware, kanye nokuzivikela okubuthakathaka kwengqalasizinda yedijithali. Ochwepheshe baxwayisa ngokuthi uma izilawuli zokuphepha kwe-inthanethi zikahulumeni zihluleka ukuvikela irejista yabantu, lolu hlelo oluhlanganiswe kakhulu lungaletha umgomo omkhulu, ophakathi kwabaphangi abathuthukile kanye namaqembu obunikazi.

Ngenxa yokuthi imithethonqubo iphoqelela ukubopha idivayisi—ukuxhumanisa i-ID yakho yedijithali ngqo nezinto ezivikelekile zehadiwe ye-cryptographic yedivayisi ethile—ukulahlekelwa ifoni yakho kusho ukulahlekelwa ukufinyelela okusheshayo kuziqinisekiso zakho zedijithali.

• • Uma ifoni yakho ilahlekile noma isengozini, ukhiye wakho we-cryptographic oyimfihlo ungadalulwa, okuphoqa uMnyango Wezasekhaya ukuthi uhoxise ngokushesha leso siqinisekiso sedijithali.
  • Ukukhathazeka Komphakathi:
    Imithethonqubo ayikacacisi indlela elula nezenzakalelayo yokuvula nokubopha kabusha idivayisi entsha ngokuphephile kude. Izakhamizi zikhathazekile ngokuthi ukulahlekelwa ifoni kuzosho ukubuyela emgqeni we-Home Affairs ukuze nje ziphinde zivule uhlelo lwazo lwedijithali.

Yebo, njalo eminyakeni emi-5. Isitifiketi sobunikazi bedijithali sisebenza kuphela isikhathi seminyaka emihlanu kusukela ekukhishweni noma ekuvuselelweni kwaso kokugcina. Uzothola isaziso esisebenzisa ngokuzenzakalelayo ngohlelo lokusebenza lwe-MyMzansi okungenani izinsuku ezingama-90 ngaphambi kokuba siphele. Ngenhlanhla, ukuvuselelwa okuvamile kungacutshungulwa kude ngqo ngaphakathi kohlelo lokusebenza kusetshenziswa ukuskena okulula kobuso be-biometric.

Leli yiphuzu elibalulekile le-bureaucratic. Imithethonqubo ebhaliwe imemezela ukuthi i-ID yakho yedijithali izophelelwa yisikhathi ngokuphelele uma ungenzi ukubhalisa mathupha noma ukuqinisekisa mathupha ehhovisi le-DHA noma ebhange elibambisene naye phakathi nesikhathi seminyaka eyi-10. Ngisho noma usebenzisa uhlelo lokusebenza lwefoni yakho nsuku zonke, uma ungaxhumani ngokomzimba noMnyango noma nomlingani ogunyaziwe iminyaka eyishumi, iziqinisekiso zakho ziyasulwa, futhi kufanele uphinde ulinde ngokoqobo ukuze ufakazele ubuwena bakho kusukela ekuqaleni.

Imithetho esalungiswa yethula inethiwekhi yedathabheyisi exhunyiwe. Uma unesibopho esisemthethweni noma senkontileka "nenhlangano ethembekile" egunyaziwe - njengebhange noma umhlinzeki wezokuxhumana - uMqondisi-Jikelele angaqopha "Ubudlelwano Obuqinisekisiwe" kurejista yabantu abayinhloko. Uma imininingwane yakho eyinhloko ishintsha (isb., ushintsha ikheli lakho noma inombolo yocingo), uMnyango Wezasekhaya ungasakaza "izaziso zesibuyekezo esiseduze nesikhathi sangempela" kuzo zonke izinkampani ezizimele onobudlelwano obuqinisekisiwe oburekhodiwe nazo.

Imithetho isho ngokusobala ukuthi konke ukwabelana ngedatha kumele kuhambisane noMthetho Wokuvikelwa Kolwazi Lomuntu Siqu (i-POPIA). Izinhlangano ezithembekile zivinjelwe ngokuphelele ukusebenzisa idatha yakho ukuze kudayiswe idatha, kuphrofayili yabathengi, noma kuqoqwe ubuhlakani obuvulekile. Ukwabelana ngolwazi kukhawulelwe kuphela emininingwaneni eyisisekelo eshintshile. Kodwa-ke, abagxeki bakhomba ukuthi ukusabalalisa izibuyekezo zedatha ngama-API ezinkampani kumaseva amaningi ezinkampani zangaphandle ngokwemvelo kwandisa "indawo yokuhlasela" yokuvimba idatha.

Imithethonqubo ibeka umthwalo wezomthetho kubo bonke izakhamuzi ukuthi zazise uMnyango Wezasekhaya nganoma yiluphi ushintsho oluhlala njalo ekhelini labo, inombolo yocingo, noma i-imeyili zingakapheli izinsuku ezingama-30. Ukwehluleka ukwenza lokhu ngeke kukubeke icala ngokuzenzakalelayo. Esikhundleni salokho, kuzokwehlisa "Izinga Lokuqinisekisa Ubunikazi" bakho - indlela yangaphakathi yokuthola amaphuzu etshela amabhange noma izinhlelo zikahulumeni ukuthi zingaqiniseka kangakanani ukuthi irekhodi lakho linembile. Izinga eliphansi lokuqinisekisa linganciphisa ikhono lakho lokwenza ukuthengiselana okuphephile kakhulu ku-inthanethi noma ama-akhawunti avulekile.

Isahluko 10 sidala amacala obugebengu aqinile aklanyelwe ubunikazi bedijithali. Ubhekene nenhlawulo noma isigwebo sasejele esingafika eminyakeni emibili uma ulahlwa yicala lalokhu:

• • Ukuzama ukufaka isicelo se-ID yedijithali usebenzisa amadokhumenti angamanga noma imininingwane yomunye umuntu.
  • Ukwethula uhlelo lokusebenza lwefoni lomunye umuntu/ithokheni ye-ID yedijithali njengeyakho.
  • Ukuphazamisa, ukushintsha, noma ukushintsha idatha efakwe ikhodi ku-ID yedijithali.
  • Ukuzama ukukhohlisa izinhlelo zokuskena ze-biometric usebenzisa izithombe, amavidiyo aqoshiwe, imaski, noma ama-deepfake ukuze kudlule ukutholwa kokuphila.
  • Abasebenzi noma abathengisi bemboni ezimele abavuza noma ababelana ngemininingwane yokubhalisa kwabantu ngokungemthetho.

Amalungiselelo okushintsha ayalela ukuthi uhlelo lwe-ID yedijithali kumele luqaliswe ngendlela engabakhiphi ngaphandle ngokungenasizathu izakhamuzi ezingenawo ama-smartphone, ezingenayo i-inthanethi ethembekile, noma ezingakwazi ukufunda nokubhala ngedijithali. Kodwa-ke, ukusetshenziswa kwangempela kuvame ukulandisa indaba ehlukile. Uma izinkampani ezizimele, amabhange, kanye neminyango kahulumeni bekuthola kushibhile futhi kushesha ukucubungula izakhamuzi ngohlelo lokusebenza lwe-MyMzansi, labo abathembele kuphela kumadokhumenti angokoqobo bangabhekana nemigqa emide, ukujika okuhamba kancane, kanye "nokubandlululwa okuthambile" okuhlelekile lapho befinyelela izinsizakalo ezibalulekile eziyisisekelo.

Yebo, maqondana nokwakhiwa kwenqubomgomo. Nakuba inkulumo ethi “uhlelo lwesikweletu senhlalo” izwakala njengenganekwane ye-dystopian, abameli bobumfihlo bayibheka ngaleli lensi yokufinyelela ngokweqile kwenqubomgomo. Imithethonqubo ebhaliwe ivumela umbuso ukuthi uhlele iphrofayili yakho yobunikazi ngokusebenzisa indlela yangaphakathi yokuthola amaphuzu ebizwa ngokuthi “Izinga Lokuqinisekisa Ubunikazi.” Uma wehluleka ukwazisa umbuso ngoshintsho emininingwaneni yakho yansuku zonke zingakapheli izinsuku ezingama-30, izinga lakho lokuqinisekisa liyehla. Abaphikisi bathi ukuvumela umnyango kahulumeni ukuthi uhlele noma wehlise ukufinyelela kwesakhamuzi ezinsizeni ngokusekelwe ekuthobeleni imithetho kubeka isibonelo esiyingozi kakhulu esilingisa izinhlelo zokulandelela ukuziphatha kobushiqela.

Nakuba imithethonqubo ingakhulumi ngemiyalelo yamazwe ngamazwe, ubuchwepheshe obuyisisekelo bulandela ngokuqinile amapulani obunikazi bedijithali akhuthazwa kakhulu yizinhlangano zamazwe ngamazwe njengeBhange Lomhlaba, iZizwe Ezihlangene (SDG 16.9), kanye neNgqungquthela Yezomnotho Yomhlaba. Ingozi yangempela akuyona icebo lesayensi, kodwa ukukhukhuleka kwenqubomgomo yombuso. Abagxeki bathi iNingizimu Afrika ishesha ukusebenzisa ukwakheka kwedijithali okuhlanganisiwe kakhulu ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezindinganiso ze-fintech zomhlaba wonke kanye namanethiwekhi okuhweba awela imingcele ngaphandle kokwenza izifundo ezizimele, ezithinta indawo ngokuthi zithinta kanjani izigidi zabantu baseNingizimu Afrika abathembele ngokuphelele emalini, ezomnotho ezingakahleleki, kanye namaphepha angokoqobo ukuze basinde.